Prevalence of SFTSV among Asian House Shrews and Rodents,China, January–August 2013

To evaluate the role of small mammals as hosts of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), we tested serum samples from rodents and shrews in China, collected in 2013. SFTSV antibodies and RNA were detected, suggesting that rodents and shrews might be hosts for SFTSV.     

Relation of genetic polymorphisms in microRNAs with diastolic and systolic function in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background and aimsType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has high risk of developing cardiac dysfunction, increasing of either cardiovascular death or hospitalization for heart failure. MicroRNAs (miRNA) affect cardiac function of T2DM. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between five miRNA single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and diastolic and systolic function of T2DM.Methods and resultsThree hundred untreated T2DM subjects were included. Each subject underwent SNP genotyping, conventional echocardiography, tissue doppler imaging, and speckle tracking imaging. The effects of miRNA SNPs on diastolic and systolic function were evaluated. The diastolic function of T2DM subjects with miR-133a-1-rs8089787 wild genotype or let-7f-rs10877887 variant genotype was lower than those with miR-133a-1-rs8089787 variant genotype or let-7f-rs10877887 wild genotype, manifesting as higher left atrial volume index, lower mean E′, and higher E/E’ (P < 0.05). There were no significant effects of miR-133a-2-rs13040413, let-7a-1-rs13293512 and miR-27a-rs895819 on the diastolic function of T2DM subjects (P > 0.05). These five miRNA SNPs had no effect on the systolic function of T2DM subjects (P > 0.05).ConclusionsMiRNA-133a-1-rs8089787 and let-7f-rs10877887 were associated with impaired cardiac diastolic function in T2DM. The findings may be a promising therapeutic targets for preventing diastolic dysfunction in T2DM.     

2000年与2010年青岛市城乡中小学生营养状况分析

[目的]了解青岛市中小学生营养状况的变化,对学生进行营养指导提供科学依据。[方法]2011年9月,对2000年、2010年青岛市学生体质与健康调研资料中中小学生身高、体重检测资料进行分析。[结果]城区男生、城区女生、乡村男生、乡村女生,2000年分别调查891、819、909、948人,体重指数分别为20.33±4.07、19.09±3.59、18.51±3.42、17.91±2.99;2010年分别调查1 373、1 321、1 301、1 281人,体重指数分别为20.55±4.61、19.22±3.75、19.76±3.71、18.76±3.22(P>0.05、P>0.05、P<0.01、P<0.01)。调查对象营养不良率,2000年为6.31%,2010年为5.29%(P<0.05);超重、肥胖率,2000年为17.60%,2010年为26.19%(P<0.01)。[结论]2010年与2000年比较,青岛市城乡中小学生的营养不良率明显下降,超重、肥胖率明显升高。乡村学生超重、肥胖应重点关注。     

2009年青岛市急性农药中毒情况分析

[目的]掌握青岛市急性农药中毒的现状,为制定控制与减少农药中毒的有效防治对策提供科学依据。[方法]根据健康危害因素监测信息系统农药中毒数据库,将2009年农药中毒报告数据库导入Excel进行汇总,统计学处理用SPSS 12.0统计软件。[结果]2009年青岛市共报告农药中毒497例,死亡50例,病死率10.06%。其中,生产性中毒、非生产性中毒分别占中毒总数的4.83%和95.17%。中毒者平均年龄47.12±17.33岁,35-54岁占45.07%。杀虫剂是引起农药中毒的主要类别,占80.89%。其中,87.81%是有机磷杀虫剂中毒,以敌敌畏、对硫磷、氧乐果（含乐果）、甲胺磷为主。[结论]非生产性农药中毒病例是我市急性农药中毒主要来源,加强农村精神文明建设,加强农药监管力度,降低农药中毒发生率,维护劳动者健康。     

Serum Resistin Levels in Adult Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background and AimsPrevious studies reported that serum resistin levels were remarkably changed in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) but the conclusions were inconsistent. The aim of this study was to investigate accurate serum resistin levels in adult patients with NAFLD.MethodsA complete literature research was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases, and all the available studies up to 7 May 2020 were reviewed. The pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) values were calculated to investigate the serum resistin levels in patients with NAFLD and healthy controls.ResultsA total of 28 studies were included to investigate the serum resistin levels in patients with NAFLD. Patients with NAFLD had higher serum resistin levels than controls (SMD=0.522, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.004–1.040, I²=95.9%). Patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) had lower serum resistin levels than the healthy controls (SMD=−0.44, 95% CI: −0.83–0.55, I²=74.5%). In addition, no significant difference of serum resistin levels was observed between patients with NAFL and healthy controls (SMD=−0.34, 95% CI: −0.91–0.23, I²=79.6%) and between patients with NAFL and NASH (SMD=0.15, 95% CI: −0.06–0.36, I²=0.00%). Furthermore, subgroup and sensitivity analyses suggested that heterogeneity did not affect the results of meta-analysis.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis investigated the serum resistin levels in adult patients with NAFLD comprehensively. Patients with NAFLD had higher serum resistin levels and patients with NASH had lower serum resistin levels than healthy controls. Serum resistin could serve as a potential biomarker to predict the development risk of NAFLD.     

2011年青岛市某船厂船舱内电焊工作业职业病危害因素检测与评价

[目的]了解密闭空间电焊工作业岗位职业病危害控制情况。[方法]2011年5～6月,对青岛市某船厂船舱内36个电焊工作业岗位进行职业病危害因素检测与评价。[结果]电焊作业时,船舱内噪声、电焊烟尘、锰及其无机化合物的合格率分别为36.11%、5.56%、11.11%,最高检测值分别超标0.08、7.64、17倍,属于不合格;臭氧、一氧化氮、二氧化氮、一氧化碳、二氧化碳的合格率均为100.00%。[结论]青岛市某船厂船舱内电焊工作业岗位职业病危害较为严重。     

2008年青岛市城区部分餐饮单位控烟状况及室内烟雾浓度调查

[目的]了解餐饮单位控烟状况及室内烟雾浓度,为加强公共场所及工作场所控烟措施提供依据。[方法]2008年10月,在青岛市城区随机抽取36家餐饮单位(16家为控烟干预组,20家为对照组),调查控烟状况、工作人员和管理者控烟态度,观察和检测烟雾(PM2.5颗粒物)浓度。[结果]观察干预组16家、对照组20家。有禁烟标志者所占比例,干预组为50.00%,对照组为20.00%(P>0.05);有吸烟区或烟区划分者所占比例,干预组为37.50%,对照组为25.00%(P>0.05);调查从业人员487人(干预组240人、对照组247人),吸烟率分别为13.75%、12.96%(P>0.05);如果单位有禁止吸烟规定会要求顾客灭烟者所占比例,2组分别为67.50%、71.66%(P>0.05);认为酒店禁烟不会影响生意者所占比例,2组分别为60.83%、60.73%(P>0.05)。调查酒店餐馆管理者36人(干预组16人、对照组20人),愿意开展无烟单位创建活动者所占比例,2组分别为93.75%、80.00%(P>0.05);如果单位有禁止吸烟规定会要求顾客灭烟者所占比例,2组分别为93.75%、90.00%(P>0.0...     

青岛市区(市)疾病控制实验室检测能力现状调查

[目的]了解青岛市区(市)疾病预防控制实验室检测能力现状,为政府提供科学依据。[方法]2010年4月对辖区内全部区(市)疾病控制实验室资源配置和检测能力进行调查。[结果]区市实验室普遍存在业务用房不足,人员数量和设备装备与标准差距大,多数机构检验人员学历层次不高,非专业人员比例较大,检测项目和检测参数开展率不高的情况。[结论]加大人员、经费和设备的投入是提高实验室检测能力的必要手段。     

1995～2009年青岛市职业性慢性苯中毒发病情况分析

[目的]掌握青岛市职业性慢性苯中毒发病特点,为制定职业性慢性苯中毒的防治措施提供科学依据。[方法]对1995~2009年职业性慢性苯中毒资料进行分析,统计学处理用SPSS 17.0统计软件。[结果]1995~2009年共诊断职业性慢性苯中毒病例115例,其中女性94例,占81.74%,男性21例,男女比例为1∶4.5。中毒程度为重度者最多,64例(占55.65%),其次轻度33例(占28.69%),中度18例(占15.65%),15年间每年均有发病,发病高峰在2002年,于2006年以后呈现下降态势,不同中毒程度与年龄之间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但与性别之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]加强对接苯重点人群的职业防护知识的宣传以及职业健康监护力度,是降低职业性慢性苯中毒发病率的有效措施。     

Valproic acid induced liver injury: An insight into molecular toxicological mechanism

Valproic acid (VPA) is an anti-seizure drug that causes idiosyncratic liver injury. 2-propyl-4-pentenoic acid (Δ⁴VPA), a metabolite of VPA, has been implicated in VPA-induced hepatotoxicity. This review summarizes the pathogenesis involved in VPA-induced liver injury. The VPA induce liver injury mainly by i) liberation of Δ⁴VPA metabolites; ii) decrease in glutathione stores and antioxidants, resulting in oxidative stress; iii) inhibition of fatty acid β-oxidation, inducing mitochondrial DNA depletion and hypermethylation; a decrease in proton leak; oxidative phosphorylation impairment and ATP synthesis decrease; iv) induction of fatty liver via inhibition of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I, enhancing nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and acyl-CoA thioesterase 1, and inducing long-chain fatty acid uptake and triglyceride synthesis. VPA administration aggravates liver injury in individuals with metabolic syndromes. Therapeutic drug monitoring, routine serum levels of transaminases, ammonia, and lipid parameters during VPA therapy may thus be beneficial in improving the safety profile or preventing the progression of DILI.